CBD vs. THC: A Plain-English Guide
What's the difference between CBD and THC? Plain-English guide for DC medical cannabis patients on cannabinoids, ratios, and what to buy.
Cannabis contains over 100 different cannabinoids, but two dominate the conversation: THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) and CBD (cannabidiol).
THC: The psychoactive cannabinoid — THC is the compound responsible for the high associated with cannabis. It binds to CB1 receptors in the brain, producing euphoria, altered perception, and in some cases, anxiety or paranoia at high doses. THC has well-documented therapeutic applications including pain relief, nausea reduction, appetite stimulation, and sleep support.
CBD: The non-intoxicating cannabinoid — CBD does not produce a high. It interacts with the endocannabinoid system differently from THC and may modulate THC's effects, potentially reducing anxiety and paranoia when both are present. CBD is widely used for anxiety, inflammation, pain, and sleep.
The ratio matters — When shopping at DC dispensaries, you'll see products labeled with THC:CBD ratios. A 1:1 ratio or high-CBD product is often recommended for first-time users. The CBD can help buffer any anxiety from THC.
Full-spectrum vs. isolate — Full-spectrum products contain all the cannabinoids and terpenes from the plant. Isolates contain only one cannabinoid. Full-spectrum products may offer more comprehensive effects due to the entourage effect.